Ed עֵד

Ed (Hebrew עֵד, Strong's H5707) is a Hebrew masculine noun meaning “witness”. It occurs 70 times in 60 verses of the Old Testament.

Definition

From the STEPBible Brief Lexicon of Hebrew (based on the abridged Brown-Driver-Briggs), STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0.

Translated as

Verses

Every verse with Ed, with the English words that translate it highlighted (KJV or BSB; other translations show the KJV here).

Genesis

• Genesis 31:44
  Now therefore come thou, let us make a covenant, I and thou; and let it be for a witness between me and thee.Come now, let us make a covenant, you and I, and let it serve as a witness between you and me.”
• Genesis 31:48
  And Laban said, This heap is a witness between me and thee this day. Therefore was the name of it called Galeed;Then Laban declared, “This mound is a witness between you and me this day.” Therefore the place was called Galeed.
• Genesis 31:50
  If thou shalt afflict my daughters, or if thou shalt take other wives beside my daughters, no man is with us; see, God is witness betwixt me and thee.If you mistreat my daughters or take other wives, although no one is with us, remember that God is a witness between you and me.”
• Genesis 31:52
  This heap be witness, and this pillar be witness, that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou shalt not pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for harm.This mound is a witness, and this pillar is a witness, that I will not go past this mound to harm you, and you will not go past this mound and pillar to harm me.

Exodus

• Exodus 20:16
  Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
• Exodus 22:13
  If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, and he shall not make good that which was torn.If the animal was torn to pieces, he shall bring it as evidence; he need not make restitution for the torn carcass.
• Exodus 23:1
  Thou shalt not raise a false report: put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness.“You shall not spread a false report. Do not join the wicked by being a malicious witness.

Leviticus

• Leviticus 5:1
  And if a soul sin, and hear the voice of swearing, and is a witness, whether he hath seen or known of it; if he do not utter it, then he shall bear his iniquity.“If someone sins by failing to testify when he hears a public charge about something he has witnessed, whether he has seen it or learned of it, he shall bear the iniquity.

Numbers

• Numbers 5:13
  And a man lie with her carnally, and it be hid from the eyes of her husband, and be kept close, and she be defiled, and there be no witness against her, neither she be taken with the manner;by sleeping with another man, and it is concealed from her husband and her impurity is undetected (since there is no witness against her and she was not caught in the act),
• Numbers 35:30
  Whoso killeth any person, the murderer shall be put to death by the mouth of witnesses: but one witness shall not testify against any person to cause him to die.If anyone kills a person, the murderer is to be put to death on the testimony of the witnesses. But no one is to be put to death based on the testimony of a lone witness.

Deuteronomy

• Deuteronomy 5:20
  Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour.You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
• Deuteronomy 17:6
  At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy of death be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.On the testimony of two or three witnesses a man shall be put to death, but he shall not be executed on the testimony of a lone witness.
• Deuteronomy 17:7
  The hands of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterward the hands of all the people. So thou shalt put the evil away from among you.The hands of the witnesses shall be the first in putting him to death, and after that, the hands of all the people. So you must purge the evil from among you.
• Deuteronomy 19:15
  One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established.A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.
• Deuteronomy 19:16
  If a false witness rise up against any man to testify against him that which is wrong;If a false witness testifies against someone, accusing him of a crime,
• Deuteronomy 19:18
  And the judges shall make diligent inquisition: and, behold, if the witness be a false witness, and hath testified falsely against his brother;The judges shall investigate thoroughly, and if the witness is proven to be a liar who has falsely accused his brother,
• Deuteronomy 31:19
  Now therefore write ye this song for you, and teach it the children of Israel: put it in their mouths, that this song may be a witness for me against the children of Israel.Now therefore, write down for yourselves this song and teach it to the Israelites; have them recite it, so that it may be a witness for Me against them.
• Deuteronomy 31:21
  And it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are befallen them, that this song shall testify against them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their seed: for I know their imagination which they go about, even now, before I have brought them into the land which I sware.And when many troubles and afflictions have come upon them, this song will testify against them, because it will not be forgotten from the lips of their descendants. For I know their inclination, even before I bring them into the land that I swore to give them.”
• Deuteronomy 31:26
  Take this book of the law, and put it in the side of the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God, that it may be there for a witness against thee.“Take this Book of the Law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, so that it may remain there as a witness against you.

Joshua

• Joshua 22:27
  But that it may be a witness between us, and you, and our generations after us, that we might do the service of the Lord before him with our burnt offerings, and with our sacrifices, and with our peace offerings; that your children may not say to our children in time to come, Ye have no part in the Lord.Rather, let it be a witness between us and you and the generations to come, that we will worship the LORD in His presence with our burnt offerings, sacrifices, and peace offerings.’ Then in the future, your descendants cannot say to ours, ‘You have no share in the LORD!’
• Joshua 22:28
  Therefore said we, that it shall be, when they should so say to us or to our generations in time to come, that we may say again, Behold the pattern of the altar of the Lord, which our fathers made, not for burnt offerings, nor for sacrifices; but it is a witness between us and you.Therefore we said, ‘If they ever say this to us or to our descendants, we will answer: Look at the replica of the altar of the LORD that our fathers made, not for burnt offerings or sacrifices, but as a witness between us and you.’
• Joshua 22:34
  And the children of Reuben and the children of Gad called the altar Ed: for it shall be a witness between us that the Lord is God.So the Reubenites and Gadites named the altar Witness, for they said, “It is a witness between us that the LORD is God.”
• Joshua 24:22
  And Joshua said unto the people, Ye are witnesses against yourselves that ye have chosen you the Lord, to serve him. And they said, We are witnesses.Then Joshua told them, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen to serve the LORD.” “We are witnesses!” they said.

Ruth

• Ruth 4:9
  And Boaz said unto the elders, and unto all the people, Ye are witnesses this day, that I have bought all that was Elimelech’s, and all that was Chilion’s and Mahlon’s, of the hand of Naomi.At this, Boaz said to the elders and all the people, “You are witnesses today that I am buying from Naomi all that belonged to Elimelech, Chilion, and Mahlon.
• Ruth 4:10
  Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I purchased to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place: ye are witnesses this day.Moreover, I have acquired Ruth the Moabitess, Mahlon’s widow, as my wife, to raise up the name of the deceased through his inheritance, so that his name will not disappear from among his brothers or from the gate of his home. You are witnesses today.”
• Ruth 4:11
  And all the people that were in the gate, and the elders, said, We are witnesses. The Lord make the woman that is come into thine house like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel: and do thou worthily in Ephratah, and be famous in Beth–lehem:“We are witnesses,” said the elders and all the people at the gate. “May the LORD make the woman entering your home like Rachel and Leah, who together built up the house of Israel. May you be prosperous in Ephrathah and famous in Bethlehem.

1 Samuel

• 1 Samuel 12:5
  And he said unto them, The Lord is witness against you, and his anointed is witness this day, that ye have not found ought in my hand. And they answered, He is witness.Samuel said to them, “The LORD is a witness against you, and His anointed is a witness today, that you have not found anything in my hand.” “He is a witness,” they replied.

Job

• Job 10:17
  Thou renewest thy witnesses against me, and increasest thine indignation upon me; changes and war are against me.You produce new witnesses against me and multiply Your anger toward me. Hardships assault me in wave after wave.
• Job 16:8
  And thou hast filled me with wrinkles, which is a witness against me: and my leanness rising up in me beareth witness to my face.You have bound me, and it has become a witness; my frailty rises up and testifies against me.
• Job 16:19
  Also now, behold, my witness is in heaven, and my record is on high.Even now my witness is in heaven, and my advocate is on high.

Psalms

• Psalm 27:12
  Deliver me not over unto the will of mine enemies: for false witnesses are risen up against me, and such as breathe out cruelty.Do not hand me over to the will of my foes, for false witnesses rise up against me, breathing out violence.
• Psalm 35:11
  False witnesses did rise up; they laid to my charge things that I knew not.Hostile witnesses come forward; they make charges I know nothing about.
• Psalm 89:37
  It shall be established for ever as the moon, and as a faithful witness in heaven. Selah.like the moon, established forever, a faithful witness in the sky.” Selah

Proverbs

• Proverbs 6:19
  A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.a false witness who gives false testimony, and one who stirs up discord among brothers.
• Proverbs 12:17
  He that speaketh truth sheweth forth righteousness: but a false witness deceit.He who speaks the truth declares what is right, but a false witness speaks deceit.
• Proverbs 14:5
  A faithful witness will not lie: but a false witness will utter lies.An honest witness does not deceive, but a dishonest witness pours forth lies.
• Proverbs 14:25
  A true witness delivereth souls: but a deceitful witness speaketh lies.A truthful witness saves lives, but one who utters lies is deceitful.
• Proverbs 19:5
  A false witness shall not be unpunished, and he that speaketh lies shall not escape.A false witness will not go unpunished, and one who utters lies will not escape.
• Proverbs 19:9
  A false witness shall not be unpunished, and he that speaketh lies shall perish.A false witness will not go unpunished, and one who pours out lies will perish.
• Proverbs 19:28
  An ungodly witness scorneth judgment: and the mouth of the wicked devoureth iniquity.A corrupt witness mocks justice, and a wicked mouth swallows iniquity.
• Proverbs 21:28
  A false witness shall perish: but the man that heareth speaketh constantly.A lying witness will perish, but the man who listens to truth will speak forever.
• Proverbs 24:28
  Be not a witness against thy neighbour without cause; and deceive not with thy lips.Do not testify against your neighbor without cause, and do not deceive with your lips.
• Proverbs 25:18
  A man that beareth false witness against his neighbour is a maul, and a sword, and a sharp arrow.Like a club or sword or sharp arrow is a man who bears false witness against his neighbor.

Isaiah

• Isaiah 8:2
  And I took unto me faithful witnesses to record, Uriah the priest, and Zechariah the son of Jeberechiah.And I will appoint for Myself trustworthy witnesses—Uriah the priest and Zechariah son of Jeberekiah.”
• Isaiah 19:20
  And it shall be for a sign and for a witness unto the Lord of hosts in the land of Egypt: for they shall cry unto the Lord because of the oppressors, and he shall send them a saviour, and a great one, and he shall deliver them.It will be a sign and a witness to the LORD of Hosts in the land of Egypt. When they cry out to the LORD because of their oppressors, He will send them a savior and defender to rescue them.
• Isaiah 43:9
  Let all the nations be gathered together, and let the people be assembled: who among them can declare this, and shew us former things? let them bring forth their witnesses, that they may be justified: or let them hear, and say, It is truth.All the nations gather together and the peoples assemble. Who among them can declare this, and proclaim to us the former things? Let them present their witnesses to vindicate them, so that others may hear and say, “It is true.”
• Isaiah 43:10
  Ye are my witnesses, saith the Lord, and my servant whom I have chosen: that ye may know and believe me, and understand that I am he: before me there was no God formed, neither shall there be after me.“You are My witnesses,” declares the LORD, “and My servant whom I have chosen, so that you may consider and believe Me and understand that I am He. Before Me no god was formed, and after Me none will come.
• Isaiah 43:12
  I have declared, and have saved, and I have shewed, when there was no strange god among you: therefore ye are my witnesses, saith the Lord, that I am God.I alone decreed and saved and proclaimed— I, and not some foreign god among you. So you are My witnesses,” declares the LORD, “that I am God.
• Isaiah 44:8
  Fear ye not, neither be afraid: have not I told thee from that time, and have declared it? ye are even my witnesses. Is there a God beside me? yea, there is no God; I know not any.Do not tremble or fear. Have I not told you and declared it long ago? You are My witnesses! Is there any God but Me? There is no other Rock; I know not one.”
• Isaiah 44:9
  They that make a graven image are all of them vanity; and their delectable things shall not profit; and they are their own witnesses; they see not, nor know; that they may be ashamed.All makers of idols are nothing, and the things they treasure are worthless. Their witnesses fail to see or comprehend, so they are put to shame.
• Isaiah 55:4
  Behold, I have given him for a witness to the people, a leader and commander to the people.Behold, I have made him a witness to the nations, a leader and commander of the peoples.

Jeremiah

• Jeremiah 29:23
  Because they have committed villany in Israel, and have committed adultery with their neighbours’ wives, and have spoken lying words in my name, which I have not commanded them; even I know, and am a witness, saith the Lord.For they have committed an outrage in Israel by committing adultery with the wives of their neighbors and speaking lies in My name, which I did not command them to do. I am He who knows, and I am a witness, declares the LORD.”
• Jeremiah 32:10
  And I subscribed the evidence, and sealed it, and took witnesses, and weighed him the money in the balances.I signed and sealed the deed, called in witnesses, and weighed out the silver on the scales.
• Jeremiah 32:12
  And I gave the evidence of the purchase unto Baruch the son of Neriah, the son of Maaseiah, in the sight of Hanameel mine uncle’s son, and in the presence of the witnesses that subscribed the book of the purchase, before all the Jews that sat in the court of the prison.and I gave this deed to Baruch son of Neriah, the son of Mahseiah, in the sight of my cousin Hanamel and the witnesses who were signing the purchase agreement and all the Jews sitting in the courtyard of the guard.
• Jeremiah 32:25
  And thou hast said unto me, O Lord God, Buy thee the field for money, and take witnesses; for the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans.Yet You, O Lord GOD, have said to me, ‘Buy for yourself the field with silver and call in witnesses, even though the city has been delivered into the hands of the Chaldeans!’”
• Jeremiah 32:44
  Men shall buy fields for money, and subscribe evidences, and seal them, and take witnesses in the land of Benjamin, and in the places about Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah, and in the cities of the mountains, and in the cities of the valley, and in the cities of the south: for I will cause their captivity to return, saith the Lord.Fields will be purchased with silver, and deeds will be signed, sealed, and witnessed in the land of Benjamin, in the areas surrounding Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah—the cities of the hill country, the foothills, and the Negev—because I will restore them from captivity, declares the LORD.”
• Jeremiah 42:5
  Then they said to Jeremiah, The Lord be a true and faithful witness between us, if we do not even according to all things for the which the Lord thy God shall send thee to us.Then they said to Jeremiah, “May the LORD be a true and faithful witness against us if we do not act upon every word that the LORD your God sends you to tell us.

Micah

• Micah 1:2
  Hear, all ye people; hearken, O earth, and all that therein is: and let the Lord God be witness against you, the Lord from his holy temple.Hear, O peoples, all of you; listen, O earth, and everyone in it! May the Lord GOD bear witness against you, the Lord from His holy temple.

Zephaniah

• Zephaniah 3:8
  Therefore wait ye upon me, saith the Lord, until the day that I rise up to the prey: for my determination is to gather the nations, that I may assemble the kingdoms, to pour upon them mine indignation, even all my fierce anger: for all the earth shall be devoured with the fire of my jealousy.Therefore wait for Me,” declares the LORD, “until the day I rise to testify. For My decision is to gather nations, to assemble kingdoms, to pour out upon them My indignation— all My burning anger. For all the earth will be consumed by the fire of My jealousy.

Malachi

• Malachi 3:5
  And I will come near to you to judgment; and I will be a swift witness against the sorcerers, and against the adulterers, and against false swearers, and against those that oppress the hireling in his wages, the widow, and the fatherless, and that turn aside the stranger from his right, and fear not me, saith the Lord of hosts.“Then I will draw near to you for judgment. And I will be a swift witness against sorcerers and adulterers and perjurers, against oppressors of the widowed and fatherless, and against those who defraud laborers of their wages and deny justice to the foreigner but do not fear Me,” says the LORD of Hosts.

Notes

1. Definition and verse list from STEPBible's tagged Hebrew Old Testament (TAHOT) and Greek New Testament (TAGNT) and Brief Lexicons, STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0.
2. English renderings from the public-domain KJV with Strong's numbers (eBible.org) and the Berean Standard Bible interlinear (public domain).