Naqam נָקַם
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| נָקַם | |
|---|---|
| Transliteration | naqam |
| Strong's number | H5358 |
| Language | Hebrew |
| Part of speech | verb |
| Gloss | to avenge |
| Occurrences | 35 in 31 verses |
| Most frequent in | Jeremiah (7) |
Naqam (Hebrew נָקַם, Strong's H5358) is a Hebrew verb meaning “to avenge”. It occurs 35 times in 31 verses of the Old Testament.
Definition
1) to avenge, take vengeance, revenge, avenge oneself, be avenged, be punished
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to avenge, take vengeance
1a2) to entertain revengeful feelings
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to avenge oneself
1b2) to suffer vengeance
1c) (Piel) to avenge
1d) (Hophal) to be avenged, vengeance be taken (for blood)
1e) (Hithpael) to avenge oneself
1a) (Qal)
1a1) to avenge, take vengeance
1a2) to entertain revengeful feelings
1b) (Niphal)
1b1) to avenge oneself
1b2) to suffer vengeance
1c) (Piel) to avenge
1d) (Hophal) to be avenged, vengeance be taken (for blood)
1e) (Hithpael) to avenge oneself
From the STEPBible Brief Lexicon of Hebrew (based on the abridged Brown-Driver-Briggs), STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0.
Translated as
| KJV | avenged (9), avenge (9), vengeance (4), taken (2), avenger (2), revengeth (2), surely punished (1), punished (1), revenge (1), take (1), taking (1), revenged (1) |
|---|---|
| BSB | take vengeance (4), avenge (3), will be avenged (1), is avenged (1), he shall surely be punished (1), be punished (1), seek revenge (1), execute (1), took vengeance (1), i have taken vengeance (1), i may pay back (1), before i have taken vengeance (1), and 15 other renderings |
Topics
Verses
Every verse with Naqam, with the English words that translate it highlighted (KJV or BSB; other translations show the KJV here).
Genesis
- Genesis 4:15And the Lord said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the Lord set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.“Not so!” replied the LORD. “If anyone slays Cain, then Cain will be avenged sevenfold.” And the LORD placed a mark on Cain, so that no one who found him would kill him.
- Genesis 4:24If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold.If Cain is avenged sevenfold, then Lamech seventy-sevenfold.”
Exodus
- Exodus 21:20And if a man smite his servant, or his maid, with a rod, and he die under his hand; he shall be surely punished.If a man strikes his manservant or maidservant with a rod, and the servant dies by his hand, he shall surely be punished.
- Exodus 21:21Notwithstanding, if he continue a day or two, he shall not be punished: for he is his money.However, if the servant gets up after a day or two, the owner shall not be punished, since the servant is his property.
Leviticus
- Leviticus 19:18Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the Lord.Do not seek revenge or bear a grudge against any of your people, but love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.
- Leviticus 26:25And I will bring a sword upon you, that shall avenge the quarrel of my covenant: and when ye are gathered together within your cities, I will send the pestilence among you; and ye shall be delivered into the hand of the enemy.And I will bring a sword against you to execute the vengeance of the covenant. Though you withdraw into your cities, I will send a plague among you, and you will be delivered into the hand of the enemy.
Numbers
- Numbers 31:2Avenge the children of Israel of the Midianites: afterward shalt thou be gathered unto thy people.“Take vengeance on the Midianites for the Israelites. After that, you will be gathered to your people.”
Deuteronomy
- Deuteronomy 32:43Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people: for he will avenge the blood of his servants, and will render vengeance to his adversaries, and will be merciful unto his land, and to his people.Rejoice, O heavens, with Him, and let all God’s angels worship Him. Rejoice, O nations, with His people; for He will avenge the blood of His children. He will take vengeance on His adversaries and repay those who hate Him; He will cleanse His land and His people.
Joshua
- Joshua 10:13And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day.So the sun stood still and the moon stopped until the nation took vengeance upon its enemies. Is this not written in the Book of Jashar? “So the sun stopped in the middle of the sky and delayed going down about a full day.”
Judges
- Judges 15:7And Samson said unto them, Though ye have done this, yet will I be avenged of you, and after that I will cease.And Samson told them, “Because you have done this, I will not rest until I have taken vengeance upon you.”
- Judges 16:28And Samson called unto the Lord, and said, O Lord God, remember me, I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, O God, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for my two eyes.Then Samson called out to the LORD: “O Lord GOD, please remember me. Strengthen me, O God, just once more, so that with one vengeful blow I may pay back the Philistines for my two eyes.”
1 Samuel
- 1 Samuel 14:24And the men of Israel were distressed that day: for Saul had adjured the people, saying, Cursed be the man that eateth any food until evening, that I may be avenged on mine enemies. So none of the people tasted any food.Now the men of Israel were in distress that day, for Saul had placed the troops under an oath, saying, “Cursed is the man who eats any food before evening, before I have taken vengeance on my enemies.” So none of the troops tasted any food.
- 1 Samuel 18:25And Saul said, Thus shall ye say to David, The king desireth not any dowry, but an hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king’s enemies. But Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines.Saul replied, “Say to David, ‘The king desires no other dowry but a hundred Philistine foreskins as revenge on his enemies.’” But Saul intended to cause David’s death at the hands of the Philistines.
- 1 Samuel 24:12The Lord judge between me and thee, and the Lord avenge me of thee: but mine hand shall not be upon thee.May the LORD judge between you and me, and may the LORD take vengeance on you, but my hand will never be against you.
2 Kings
- 2 Kings 9:7And thou shalt smite the house of Ahab thy master, that I may avenge the blood of my servants the prophets, and the blood of all the servants of the Lord, at the hand of Jezebel.And you are to strike down the house of your master Ahab, so that I may avenge the blood of My servants the prophets and the blood of all the servants of the LORD shed by the hand of Jezebel.
Esther
- Esther 8:13The copy of the writing for a commandment to be given in every province was published unto all people, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.A copy of the text of the edict was to be issued in every province and published to all the people, so that the Jews would be ready on that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.
Psalms
- Psalm 8:2Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast thou ordained strength because of thine enemies, that thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger.From the mouths of children and infants You have ordained praise on account of Your adversaries, to silence the enemy and avenger.
- Psalm 44:16For the voice of him that reproacheth and blasphemeth; by reason of the enemy and avenger.at the voice of the scorner and reviler, because of the enemy, bent on revenge.
- Psalm 99:8Thou answeredst them, O LORD our God: thou wast a God that forgavest them, though thou tookest vengeance of their inventions.O LORD our God, You answered them. You were a forgiving God to them, yet an avenger of their misdeeds.
Isaiah
- Isaiah 1:24Therefore saith the Lord, the Lord of hosts, the mighty One of Israel, Ah, I will ease me of mine adversaries, and avenge me of mine enemies:Therefore the Lord GOD of Hosts, the Mighty One of Israel, declares: “Ah, I will be relieved of My foes and avenge Myself on My enemies.
Jeremiah
- Jeremiah 5:9Shall I not visit for these things? saith the Lord: and shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?Should I not punish them for these things?” declares the LORD. “Should I not avenge Myself on such a nation as this?
- Jeremiah 5:29Shall I not visit for these things? saith the Lord: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?Should I not punish them for these things?” declares the LORD. “Should I not avenge Myself on such a nation as this?
- Jeremiah 9:9Shall I not visit them for these things? saith the Lord: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?Should I not punish them for these things? declares the LORD. Should I not avenge Myself on such a nation as this?”
- Jeremiah 15:15O Lord, thou knowest: remember me, and visit me, and revenge me of my persecutors; take me not away in thy longsuffering: know that for thy sake I have suffered rebuke.You understand, O LORD; remember me and attend to me. Avenge me against my persecutors. In Your patience, do not take me away. Know that I endure reproach for Your honor.
- Jeremiah 46:10For this is the day of the Lord God of hosts, a day of vengeance, that he may avenge him of his adversaries: and the sword shall devour, and it shall be satiate and made drunk with their blood: for the Lord God of hosts hath a sacrifice in the north country by the river Euphrates.For that day belongs to the Lord GOD of Hosts, a day of vengeance against His foes. The sword will devour until it is satisfied, until it is quenched with their blood. For the Lord GOD of Hosts will hold a sacrifice in the land of the north by the River Euphrates.
- Jeremiah 50:15Shout against her round about: she hath given her hand: her foundations are fallen, her walls are thrown down: for it is the vengeance of the Lord: take vengeance upon her; as she hath done, do unto her.Raise a war cry against her on every side! She has thrown up her hands in surrender; her towers have fallen; her walls are torn down. Since this is the vengeance of the LORD, take out your vengeance upon her; as she has done, do the same to her.
- Jeremiah 51:36Therefore thus saith the Lord; Behold, I will plead thy cause, and take vengeance for thee; and I will dry up her sea, and make her springs dry.Therefore this is what the LORD says: “Behold, I will plead your case and take vengeance on your behalf; I will dry up her sea and make her springs run dry.
Ezekiel
- Ezekiel 24:8That it might cause fury to come up to take vengeance; I have set her blood upon the top of a rock, that it should not be covered.In order to stir up wrath and take vengeance, I have placed her blood on the bare rock, so that it would not be covered.’
- Ezekiel 25:12Thus saith the Lord God; Because that Edom hath dealt against the house of Judah by taking vengeance, and hath greatly offended, and revenged himself upon them;This is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because Edom acted vengefully against the house of Judah, and in so doing incurred grievous guilt,
- Ezekiel 25:15Thus saith the Lord God; Because the Philistines have dealt by revenge, and have taken vengeance with a despiteful heart, to destroy it for the old hatred;This is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Because the Philistines acted in vengeance, taking vengeance with malice of soul to destroy Judah with ancient hostility,
Nahum
- Nahum 1:2God is jealous, and the Lord revengeth; the Lord revengeth, and is furious; the Lord will take vengeance on his adversaries, and he reserveth wrath for his enemies.The LORD is a jealous and avenging God; the LORD is avenging and full of wrath. The LORD takes vengeance on His foes and reserves wrath for His enemies.
Notes
- Definition and verse list from STEPBible's tagged Hebrew Old Testament (TAHOT) and Greek New Testament (TAGNT) and Brief Lexicons, STEPBible.org, CC BY 4.0.
- English renderings from the public-domain KJV with Strong's numbers (eBible.org) and the Berean Standard Bible interlinear (public domain).